Abstract
(1)Benefits of Sophora Japonica Polysaccharides
- Hypoglycemic
- Antioxidant activity
- Enhance immunity
- Antibacterial
(2)Popular countries of Sophora japonica polysaccharides
With the development of scientific research, Sophora japonica and its polysaccharides are becoming increasingly popular in the following countries and regions:
- China: Sophora japonica has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly for the treatment of bleeding, anti-inflammatory and liver protection.
- Japan: Sophora japonica also has a place in traditional Japanese herbal medicine, often used for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
- South Korea: In traditional Korean medicine, Sophora japonica is used to treat blood circulation problems and liver protection.
- United States: With the expansion of the natural health product market, Sophora japonica polysaccharides are also becoming popular in the dietary supplement market in the United States.
- Europe: Some EU countries have begun to recognize the health benefits of Sophora japonica polysaccharides, especially in the fields of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.
(3)Supplements with Sophora japonica polysaccharides as ingredients
- Capsules: For example, Sophora japonica Extract Capsules, Sophora japonica extract capsules, are used for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
- Powder: Sophora japonica powder, which can be added to beverages or food for daily intake.
- Tablets: Sophora japonica tablets, mainly used for liver protection and improving blood circulation.
- Gummy: According to the effects of Sophora japonica polysaccharide, it can be applied to anti-inflammatory gummies, antioxidant gummies, immune-enhancing gummies, blood sugar-lowering gummies, etc.
- Other supplement types: Sophora japonica Herbal Tea Sophora japonica herbal tea has relaxing and anti-inflammatory effects.
(4)Market Prospects/Advantages
- High Demand in Traditional Medicine: Widely used in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean medicine for treating inflammation and blood circulation issues.
- Modern Health Products: Increasing popularity in supplements for antioxidant and liver protection.
- Global Reach: Recognized in the US, EU, and other countries for its health benefits.
- Expanding Applications: Potential for use in high-end products like selenium-rich tea and essential oils.
(5)Extraction Methods
- Water Extraction and Alcohol Precipitation: Traditional method, simple and cost-effective, preserves polysaccharide structure.
- Enzyme Extraction: Uses mild reaction conditions to lower extraction costs and speed up polysaccharide release.
- Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction: Utilizes ultrasonic waves to enhance extraction rate and efficiency, shortens extraction time, and reduces impurities in the extract.
Article Content
Sophora japonica, also known as Japanese Sophora (Sophora japonica), is native to China, South Korea and Japan. It is a plant widely used in traditional Asian medicine, and its flowers, fruits and bark have medicinal value.
1. Health effects
A.Hypoglycemic
Sophora japonica polysaccharide has good auxiliary hypoglycemic biological activity. Some scholars used human liver cancer cell HepG2 cells as experimental subjects, and used insulin (INS) to induce an insulin resistance model (IR-HepG2) to study the regulatory effects of Sophora japonica polysaccharide on key enzymes of sugar metabolism, glycogen synthesis, and intracellular oxidative stress. The experimental results showed that Sophora japonica polysaccharide can promote the absorption of glucose by IR-HepG2 cells, indicating that it has the effect of improving insulin resistance. At the same time, Sophora japonica polysaccharide can also regulate the key enzymes of sugar metabolism in IR-HepG2 cells and improve the intracellular oxidative stress state, increase the activity of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase, and promote the effective utilization of glucose.
B.Antioxidant activity
Sophora japonica polysaccharide has antioxidant activity. Experimental studies have shown that the antioxidant capacity, free radical scavenging capacity, and superoxide anion scavenging capacity of Sophora japonica polysaccharide increase with the decrease of ethanol extraction concentration; the total flavonoid content of Sophora japonica polysaccharide is positively correlated with the corresponding free radical scavenging capacity. Some scholars have used water extraction and alcohol precipitation to show that Sophora japonica crude polysaccharide has a strong scavenging ability for DPPH· and H2O2, and its scavenging rate is correlated with the dose, indicating that it has good antioxidant properties.
C.Enhance immunity
So far, there have been many studies on the immune-enhancing effect of Sophora japonica polysaccharide. Some scholars randomly divided 75 mice into low, medium, and high dose groups of Sophora japonica polysaccharide, model control group, and blank control group, and administered them for 21 consecutive days. The results showed that compared with the model group, the medium and high dose groups of Sophora japonica polysaccharide had significant and extremely significant effects on thymus and spleen weight gain, increased phagocytic rate and phagocytic index, increased lymphocyte proliferation activity, and increased hemolysin and hemolytic plaque levels. The results of this study showed that Sophora japonica polysaccharide can immunosuppress the immune response of mice and has good immune enhancement activity. At the same time, some scholars compared the Sophora japonica polysaccharide group mice with the blank control group and found that the thymus index and serum antibody titer of the Sophora japonica polysaccharide group were improved, and lymphocyte proliferation was promoted, indicating that Sophora japonica polysaccharide improves the development activity of the immune system.
D.Antibacterial
Sophora japonica polysaccharide has antibacterial activity. The study found that the orthogonal experimental method and water extraction method were used to extract polysaccharides. The results showed that Sophora japonica polysaccharide had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, among which the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was the strongest.
2. Product dynamics
There are currently a variety of supplements with Sophora japonica polysaccharide as an ingredient on the market, mainly including:
- Anti-inflammatory supplements: used to reduce inflammatory responses, relieve joint pain and other inflammation-related problems.
- Antioxidant supplements: protect cells from free radical damage and slow down the aging process.
- Liver protection supplements: promote liver health and support detoxification function.
- Blood circulation supplements: improve blood circulation and prevent vascular-related diseases.
Sophora japonica polysaccharides can be used as a functional ingredient and can be added to different types of supplements to make gummy, capsules and tablets with health functions. Take gummy as an example. This kind of gummy not only tastes good and is easily accepted by consumers, but also provides a variety of health benefits of Sophora japonica polysaccharides. Specifically, it can be applied to anti-inflammatory gummy, antioxidant gummy, immune-enhancing gummy, hypoglycemic gummy, etc.
3. Production technology
Common extraction methods of Sophora japonica polysaccharides include water extraction and alcohol precipitation, enzyme extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction. Water extraction is the most traditional method, with the advantages of simple process, low equipment requirements, and polysaccharide structure is not easily destroyed. At present, the water extraction method for extracting Sophora japonica polysaccharides mainly uses the orthogonal method to optimize the extraction process, and there are few studies on the optimization of the water extraction process for extracting Sophora japonica polysaccharides by response surface methodology. Enzyme extraction can reduce the cost of extraction and accelerate the release of polysaccharides by using mild enzyme reaction conditions. At the same time, enzymes can also decompose interferences such as starch, pectin, and protein in the extract. Ultrasonic assisted extraction uses ultrasonic thermal mechanism, ultrasonic mechanical mechanism, and cavitation to enhance the mass transfer rate and effect of the extraction process. Compared with the traditional leaching method, it greatly shortens the extraction time, improves the extraction efficiency, and the impurities in the extract are lower than those in the traditional method.
4. Technical content
This technology provides a purified Sophora japonica polysaccharide and its preparation method and application. The purified Sophora japonica polysaccharide SJP-VI is a heteropolysaccharide composed of galactose, rhamnose, arabinose, and glucose, and the molar ratio of its monosaccharide composition of galactose: rhamnose: arabinose: glucose is 38.20: 33.54: 22.92: 5.34. The weight average molecular weight of the purified Sophora japonica polysaccharide SJP-VI is 10000-18000Da. In vitro experiments show that the polysaccharide has significant antioxidant capacity. It can inhibit gluconeogenesis and promote glycogen synthesis to exert hypoglycemic activity. It can regulate the expression of immune-related factors and increase the accumulation of cytokines, thereby enhancing immune activity. Based on this, the purified polysaccharide has good antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immune activation activities, has the potential to be prepared into functional foods and drugs, and has the prospect of high-value utilization of Sophora japonica flowers.
